The Logbook

The 11.5-hour day

· Bulkhead

What an officer actually carries in a day at sea, and why the paperwork lands after the work is done.

02 / 04

The human cost

A day in their life

Each figure represents one in a hundred officers serving today.

Hover a figure to meet them. Toggle the view to see what they carry.

These conditions are routine, not exceptional.

Source — Bhatia et al., WMU Seafarer Welfare Report 2025
≤ 8 h9–10 h11–12 h13–14 h> 14 h — over legal cap

Average work day: 11.5 hours

Legal cap under MLC 2006: 14 hours per day

9 in 100 work past the legal cap

03 / 04

The workload

The workload

0%

Of cargo operations breach the 14-hour daily limit

Fatigue is not random — it concentrates around the moments precision matters most: port calls, cargo operations, inspection windows. The day stretches because the work-list does, not because the crew chooses to.

On oil tankers, first and second officers breach the 14-hour daily cap in at least 80% of cargo operations. On multi-port voyages, the workload never returns to deep-sea rest between calls — it ratchets through the rotation.

The drivers are structural — manning levels, administrative load, inspection prep.

Sources — Uğurlu, Maritime Policy & Management (2016) · Baumler, Marine Policy (2020) · Rajapakse & Emad, Marine Policy (2023)
14-HR DAILY CAPIN PORTAT SEAAPPROACHCARGO OPSDEPARTUREUNDERWAY↑ still above cap